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Objective:To clarify the neuroprotective effects of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) derived peptide P2 on in vitro cultured neuron and ischemic stroke rat. Methods:Primary cortical neurons were extracted and cultured, and CCK-8 method was used to observe the protective effect of different concentrations of P2 on cortical neurons under oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) conditions.The levels of apoptosis-related proteins and extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2) were observed by Western blot. Clean grade male SD rats were selected for animal experiments. The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method was used to establish the rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. The rats with successful model were divided into sham operation group, MCAO group and MCAO+ P2 group according to the random number table, with 12 rats in each group. After operation, rats in MCAO+ P2 group were subcutaneously injected with 1 mg/kg P2 once a day until 14 days after operation, and rats in the other two groups were subcutaneously injected with 0.9% sodium chloride solution of the same volume.Beam-walking test was used to evaluate the motor function of rats.Immunofluorescence staining and Western blot were used to detect the in-situ apoptosis of neuronal cells and the expression of Erk1/2 in ischemic penumbra of rat brains, respectively. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0.Repeated measurement ANOVA was used to evaluate the beam-walking experimental data, and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze other experimental data among multiple groups.Results:Compared with OGD group, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 μmol/L P2 improved the activity of neurons under OGD conditions, of which 1 μmol/L P2 had the best effect ((2.436±0.284), (1.551±0.410), P<0.05). Western blot showed that the protein levels of bax ((76.120±3.232)%, (88.965±5.208)%, P<0.05), cleaved caspase-3 ((76.736±4.306)%, (97.781±8.111)%, P<0.05) and cleaved caspase-9 ((88.833±6.581)%, (104.962±4.788)%, P<0.05) in 1 μmol/L P2 treated group were all lower than those in OGD group, while the protein levels of bcl-2 ((56.146±3.882)%, (43.170±6.945)%, P<0.05) and phosphorylated Erk1/2 ((73.583±8.557)%, (55. 219±4.615)%, P<0.05) in 1 μmol/L P2 treated group were both higher than those in OGD group. Compared with MCAO group, on the 14th day after P2 intervention, the slip ratio of hindlimb of the paralyzed hind limbs of rats was lower ((23.438±11.540)%, (41.733±13.631)%, P<0.05), the apoptosis rate of neurons around the focus was lower ((13.144±6.485)%, (26. 699±6. 402)%, P<0.05), and the level of phosphorylated Erk1/2 protein in the brain tissues around the infarct focus was higher ((74.062±7.458)%, (53.327±7.093)%, P<0.05). Conclusion:Low doses of neural cell adhesion molecule derived peptide P2 exert neuroprotective effects on OGD neurons and ischemic stroke rats. The underlying mechanism may be related to the activation of Erk.
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Objective To explore the potential predictive value of plasma exosomal miR-422a in different time after ischaemic stroke (1, 2, 3, 4 day) .Methods Retrospective study.Forty patients diagnosed with ischaemic stroke ( IS ) and ten age and sex matched people who underwent a standard physical examination were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University between May 2016 and December 2016.Plasma exosomes were extracted by use of related kit and the expression level of plasma exosomal miR-422a in both IS patients (1, 2, 3, 4 day) and healthy controls were examined via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction ( qRT-PCR ) .The areas under the curve ( AUC ) of the receiver operating characteristic curve were constructed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the miR -422a in IS, and one-way analysis of variance followed by the Games-Howell post hoc test was used for difference analysis.Results The exosomes isolated from human plasma showed round or oval vesicles , the average particle size was 128.2 nm and with maximum peak distribution of 186.9 nm.Moreover , all of the isolated exosomes were positive for a marker , with the CD63-positive rate at 80.6％ and the CD81-positive rate at 91.7％.qRT-PCR confirmed that miR-422a was expressed in human plasma exosomes , and the expression levels of plasma exosomal miR-422a [median relative values, 1.221 (95％CI:0.640-1.802) for healthy group, 4.418 (95％CI:2.642-6.193) for group of 1 dayafter IS, 2.912 (95％CI:2.262-3.562) for 2 day, 2.744 (95％CI:2.000-3.487) for 3 day and 0.449 (95％CI:0.170-0.727) for 4 day] were significantly increased in the time after IS 1, 2, 3 day ( F=13.57, P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.05, respectively;and the AUC values were 0.920, 0.945, 0.870, respectively ) .The expression of plasma exosomal miR-422a on the 4th day after IS were lower than those in other IS groups ( F=13.57,P<0.005, P<0.001, P<0.001, respectively), and no statistical significance was found between the expression of plasma exosomal miR-422a on the 4th day after IS than that in the control group [0.449 (95％CI:0.170-0.727)].Conclusion Plasma exosomal miR-422a showed high diagnostic value as blood-based biomarker for diagnosing IS in the early phase (1-3 d).
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Background The clinical effectiveness of soft corneal contact lens for correction of myopia has been confirmed.Theoretically,aspherical soft hydrophilic corneal contact lens has better visual qualify for myopic eyes,and the lenses have been applied widely.But abnormal tear film,even many cornea and conjuctiva diseases caused by soft contact lens have been reported,so the effectiveness and safety of aspherical soft hydrophilic corneal contact lens are worth concerning.Objective This clinical trail was to compare the effectiveness and safety between aspherical and NUV soft hydrophilic contact lens for myopic eyes.Methods A randomized,double-blind and controlled clinical study was performed under the approval of Ethic Committee of Qingdao Municipal Hospital and informed consent of each patient.One hundred and forty eyes of 70 myopic patients were enrolled in QingdaoMunicipal Hospital from July to October,2012.The subjects were randomized into the trial group and control group using random number table.Aspherical soft hydrophilic contact lenses were worn in the trial group and NUV soft hydrophilic contact lenses were worn in the control group.The characteristics of the lens surface,outcomes and the eye number in different scores of ocular signs and symptoms were assessed before and 15 minutes,1 week,2 weeks and 1 month after wearing lenses.Results The sores of humidity of anterior surface,the sediment in anterior and posterior surface are 0 in both lenses in various time points after wearing.The corrected visual acuity of all the subjects were ≥ 1.0.The eye number of 2-3 scores in various ocular signs was 0 in both groups,but the eye number of 1 score in palpebral conjunctival congestion and limbus congestion were more in the trail group than those in the control group in different time points (all at P＜0.05).There were significant differences in corneal fluorescine staining between the groups in different time points (all at P＞0.05).There was no eye for 2-3 scores of eye symptoms in both groups.The eye number for 1 score in foreign body sensation increased in the target-trail group compared to the control group at various time points (P =0.002,0.006,0.005,0.005).However,there was no statistically significant differences in the eye number for 1 score in visual clearness and stability between the two groups at the follow-up duration (all at P＞ 0.05).Conclusions Aspherical soft hydrophilic corneal contact lens has good outcomes in corrected visual acuity for myopia like NUV soft hydrophilic contact lens,but the wearing of aspherical soft hydrophilic corneal contact lens induces more ocular discomfortableness.
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Objective To study the current situation of reproductive tract infection among bearing age mar-fled women in countryside and influence factors. Methods We had examined 4916 women. Questionnaire investiga-tion,gynecologic examination,the inspection of pathogen and the B-ultrasound were collected by face to face in the clinic. Results The general prevalence rate of RTI was 53.93%. The prevalence rates of pelvic infection and cervici-tis were 3.97% and 51.12%. The prevalence rates of germs, trichomonal and candiclal vaginitis were 12.51%, 3.60% and 7.71% respectively. The infection rate for only one,two or three kind of RTI were 33.08% ,19.73% and 1.08% respectively. The influence factors were : age, education, family economy, sanitary habits, graviclity, frequent in-tercourse,induced abortion and knowledge towards RTI. Conclusion Among bearing age married women in country-side province the prevalence rate of RTI was higher and also showed evidence of some influence factors.